d. a transcription factor. a. astrocytes play a role in neurotransmission. Sensory Neurons Motor Neurons Inter-Neurons The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. b. Constricted airways 8. What are the cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system? 77. 57. 48. Which nervous sytem is responsible for delivering voluntary motor signals from the CNS to As a component of the hyperdirect and indirect pathways, the STN is important for constraining movement, thought, and emotion through synaptic excitation of GABAergic basal ganglia output neurons. 71. GBA variants increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by 10 times. Tell why you think so. a. sensory neuron b. interneuron c. motor neuron d. gland e. muscle. B. Sensory receptors for touch (and pressure) respond to physical deformation of the receptors, resulting in the opening of specific mechanically gated ion channels. The cerebellum is located in the: They are like neurons except that they lack axons. The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . Central Nervous System c. Transcription factors The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. C) opens K+ or Cl- channels 49. The parts of neurons that receive information from other neurons are called: 4. True or False, A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. Which of the following is correct? c. Astrocytes 66. To which part of the spinal cord is sensory information sent? It is composed of densely packed cells. C) the impulse would spread bidirectionally C) action potential Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane. The cell bodies of the upper motor neurons are located in the spinal cord B. A drug that caused someone to make a reckless decision might be affecting the: d. The blood-brain barrier, 17. 3. Estimate the number of moles of Ar in a typical lightbulb. Neurons are relatively small, simple-structured cells. 13. If the electrode is removed, a potential of zero is recorded again. What is the function of upper motor neurons? What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? Neurons that carry impulses the central nervous system to the muscles or glands are called neurons or motor neurons. Cold sores on the skin of the mouth occur when herpes simplex viruses that are dormant in neural ganglia become active and travel to the skin of the mouth. D) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only, and the muscle contraction would occur, Which of the following neurotransmitters inhibits pain and is mimicked by morphine, heroin, and methadone? d. cause a tremor. 43. adjacent axon segment. Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. Cedric S Raine. They control, in this way, from the movement of an arm, thoughts and even feelings through electrical signals that are called nerve impulses. Some ions are prevented from moving down their concentration gradients by ATP-driven pumps. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). Name the two other neuron types which are cholinergic. Sensory and motor divisions. A neuron is formed when a receptor ends on another cell becomes active. c. olfactory information. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. 78. A) They conduct impulses. a. B) They have extreme longevity. b. Microglial cells The synaptic cleft b. Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes, Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them, The nodes of Ranvier are found only on myelinated, peripheral neuron processes. What is an example of a presynaptic cell? Schwann cells myelinate PNS axons. However, the neuron in question does not transmit an impulse. 29. c. basal ganglia. Which of the following statements is true of both membrane potential responses shown in the graphs? Use Equation v=v0+atv=v_0+a tv=v0+at to show that the time corresponding to the velocity found in part (a) is t=v0v022ax0at=\frac{-v_0 \pm \sqrt{v_0^2-2 a x_0}}{a}t=av0v022ax0. New three-photon miniature microscopes open the study of neuronal networks to those deep in the brains of behaving animals. a. tegmentum. The STN also forms a reciprocally connected network with the GABAergic external globus pallidus that converges onto common basal ganglia output neurons. What are the different types of motor neurons? Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the parasympathetic division? These include nerve cells (or neurons) and glial cells (or glia ). The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. nervous system. A) innervation of smooth muscle of the digestive tract Visual disturbances, paralysis, and weakness, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson. D) size of action potentials, Bipolar neurons are commonly ________. a. the hippocampus. b. thalamus. a. Multi-polar neurons b. Bipolar neurons c. Uni-polar neurons. c. Proteoglycans Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue (s). However, the electrical impulses cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. Central Nervous System D) ligand-gated channel, An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. Which of the following statements regarding nervous tissue is not true? a. microglial cells. The patient is noncompliant and needs additional monitoring. 67. c. neurons. C) Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes. They conduct impulses. According to the signal, carried by motor nerves to effector organs, the muscles and glands . Which does NOT describe nervous tissue? A. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. Which of the following would be most likely to increase heart rate? 4. Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. 45. In this issue, Zhao et al. What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. Neurotransmitters are chemical signals used as a means of communication. Treatment of pain with local anesthetics leads to an unfavorable decrease in general sensory acuity due to their indiscriminate block of both pain sensing . a. Functional genomics A) resting period Glial scars may impair recovery from brain injury because: a. D. Skeletal muscles supports the weight of some internal organs. Question. Tight junctions along blood vessels in the brain are formed by: Damage to the hippocampus would likely cause impairments to long-term memory B) repolarization C) voltage stimulus to initiate Which division of your nervous system is generating this response? You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Increased diameter results in increased surface area on the membrane for sodium channels. A. They are the fundamental units that send and receive signals which allow us to move our muscles, feel the external world, think, form memories and much more. As you start working out, you notice that your heart rate and breathing rate start to increase. What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence? Briefly describe 6 effects this division has on the body. Transcription factors increase or decrease gene transcription. b. reduce the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. d. Activation of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons, 65. The CNS contains about 100 billion neurons, on the periphery - about 25 million.<br><br>The neuron is covered by a membrane that forms a closed space . Which of the following conducts impulses to an effector? 2. The latter from the brain to the spinal cord. c. that a person is genetically male. Question. a. medulla. Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? C. cell body. c. gamma aminobutyric. Which cranial nerve receives sensory information from the heart, liver, and intestines? 12. C) innervation of glands b. a Mendelian disease. a. receives input from sensory neurons b. directs activity of motor neurons that innervate muscles and glands c. contains association neurons within the brain and spinal cord d. conta, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. 34. D) stimulate the production of acetylcholine, Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? b. Somatics What are the functional classifications of neurons? d . b. astrocytes respond to injury. Allow ions to move in and out of its cellular membrane. d. cingulate cortex. Identify the neuron type described: A functional neuron type most prevalent in the CNS. b. Neurotransmitters 1. a. Somatic Nervous System We studied the biochemical characteristics of dopaminergic (DA) neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a PD . B) anchor neurons to blood vessels d. Neurons. (a) can maintain ionic balance of extracellular environment for neurons (b) can take glucose from blood to provide to neurons to make ATP (c) can take up neurotransmitter from a synapse (d) can phag, Which of the following are characteristics of myelinated axons? In general, neurons cannot be replaced if destroyed. D) absolute refractory period. c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. group cfibers are not capable of salatory conduction. 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? True or False, Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes. D) spinal cord and spinal nerves, The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. 72. These neurons are inhibitory neurons, meaning they release neurotransmitters that keep other neurons from firing. d. inferior colliculus. Choose the correct order of these events below. c. sensory and motor neurons that su. The basal ganglia act to stabilize voluntary movements. a) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands b) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles c) sensory and motor neurons t. 1. A. astrocytes B. ependymal cells C. microglia D. Schwann cells, Which of the following options is correct? Answer (1 of 3): So a neuron is a specialized cell in the brain with certain characteristics. b. procedural memory. Some axon terminals contain more than one kind of neurotransmitter. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. 19. 73. d. The person would have dulled senses for some period of time after taking the substance. b. Pons Which of the following is not true of graded potentials? b. Somatic Nervous System It stores energy reserves. 1. While taking notes in class, a student had keep in mind what the professor had just stated in A toxin that destroyed the presynaptic terminal on an axon would likely: 7. destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. How can a single axon respond to several different kinds of events? a. messenger ribonucleic acid. Describe the structure of neurons 2. a. Epigenetic markers A) They are short-lived. (b) Ordinary tungsten incandescent lightbulbs used in households are filled with argon gas at about 0.5 atm to retard the sublimation of the tungsten filament. d. Vagus nerve. hippocampus, which of the following would most likely be the result? 33. When a gene is activated, a specific DNA segment is unraveled and transcribed onto: A. thow ion selectivity C. are gated A. Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open? Explain why some forms of MS are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation. Functions. 10. C) association neuron The cerebral cortex has features called gyri and sulci. acetylcholine 5. B) are found on "pathfinder" neurons which ofthe following is correct? Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? C) They are mitotic. When activated, shortens C. Found in the brain and spinal cord. Are most pedagogues more interested in automation or orthography? Some neuroglia remove debris and foreign material from the nervous system. Expert Answer. 70. 6. Correct option is C) Sensory neurons receive sensory inputs from the internal and external environment and transmit it to CNS (brain and spinal cord) for processing. b. expect to find increased blood flow. a. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. 2. c. end terminus. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? Which cell causes endothelial cells to fit closely together? C) responds to stimuli by gland secretion or muscle contraction, The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________. a. that a person will have a polymorphism. a. efferent neuron b. afferent neuron c. association neuron d. glial cell, Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. ___________ are clusters of neuron cell bodies in the sympathetic and parasympathetic d. The person may have motor tremor. What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? Which of the following would NOT be an example of having an activated sympathetic b. hindbrain. The importance of a stimulus is derived from the number of stimuli received from the same source. b. cerebellum. Which of the following is NOT a type of circuit? a. neuromuscular junction. C) are crucial in the production of neurotransmitters Both excitatory and inhibitory potentials impinge on neurons. d. tremor. The inhibitory extracelluar matrix consists of chemicals that: Select the correct statement about serial processing. c) Myelinated axons utilize fewer, Which of the following statements does not accurately desoribe a characteristic of the autonomic nervous system? 35. ________ is a disease that gradually destroys the myelin sheaths of neurons in the CNS, particularly in young adults. c. genes. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Europe's communications systems? For skeletal muscle cells to contract, they must be excited by motor neurons. a. sodium b. chloride c. calcium d. potassium, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is call a(n) _____. D) A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. d. Nuclei. Which of the following is false or incorrect? In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. B) type of stimulus receptor Fill in the blank. 12. taking the substance. are crucial for the development of neural connections. Write a paragraph describing the 80. Many drugs that produce highly enjoyable effects likely do so by affecting the: The interior is ________. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier? b. the medulla. 2. A scientist who wanted to determine how inflammation in the brain was occurring in a c) Neurons are the most abundant type of cell in nervous tissue. d . ATP-dependent "motor" proteins such as kinesin, dynein, and myosin are responsible. a. Dendrites and axon Damage to the hypothalamus may alter someone's motivation to eat. C) neurolemma Which of the following membrane regions would have significant numbers of voltage-gated ion channels? 28. b. cingulate cortex. D) potassium, Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. b. A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only. B) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles order to draw a diagram in her notebook. C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. Which type of microglial cells promote inflammation? Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons? A) motor neurons c. Astrocytes d. Extrapyramidal System. Which of the choices below describes the ANS? b. Glossopharyngeal nerve A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. D) positively charged and contains more sodium, If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. A) axon ANSWER : The neurons are included in the somatic body cells but are. innervation of glands. Which of the following is not true concerning the structural classification of neurons? A) support and brace neurons c. pons 39. A patient was admitted for depression. Which membrane potential occurs because of the influx of Na+ through chemically gated channels in the receptive region of a neuron? Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, and they generate electrical signals called action potentials, which allow them to quickly transmit information over long distances. Neurons and muscle cells are considered excitable tissues because they do what? a. increase the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. A. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? In this study we evaluated if motor and sensory neurites have a substrate preference for laminin and . Which of the following are true about neurons? Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron? The _________________ facilitates balance and the timing of movements. d. the structure is anterior to the area. Neurons are a type of cell and are part of the nervous system. ependymal cells____ help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid: which of the following is an excitatory nerotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscles? a) Neurons are specialized to conduct electrical impulses. c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. In addition to diffusion, what are two other mechanisms that terminate neurotransmitter activity? Immediately after an action potential the potassium gates, being slow gates that do not respond to change in the electrical charge, allow additional K+ ions to flood into the cell. d. Cingulate cortex. Identify the following: Acetylcholinesterase would be found in the synapse between neurons for this branch of the ANS and the effector cells. Classify neurons according to their function. inability to divide by mitosis long cell life span (longevity) high aerobic metabolic rate ability to survive in anaerobic (Uithout oxygen) conditions. Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. d. at the axon terminal. C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the ax. The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the ________. c. the thalamus. a. postganglionic terminals. A. Longevity 2. A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. d. oligodendrocytes fail to myelinate re-growing axons. The greater the density of spines along dendrites, the greater a neuron's: 5. Their basic function is to receive and transmit information through electrical impulses. There are two well-characterized cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R and other candidates): the central nervous system (CNS) enriched CB1R and peripheral tissue enriched CB2R with a wide dynamic range of expression levels in different cell types of human tissues. These gases are neurotransmitters that act indirectly. The point where a motor neuron meets a muscle fiber is called the: In your opinion, is "A Christmas Memory" merely a vivid portrayal of a memory, or does it also convey a theme, or message? b. First, consider an object with an initial position x0x_0x0, an initial velocity v0v_0v0, and an acceleration aaa. The comparison demonstrates that the suggested controller closely tracks the reference voltage than the . In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? a. Schwann cells b. oligodendrocytes c. astroc, What kind of nerve cells are thought to be helpers for the neurons? View the full answer. 63. In the discussion section the authors wrote "In this study, we observed that different paradigms of tES application could ameliorate motor function impairments in ICH induced by collagenase administration into the striatum of rats.". 11. d. ventral root. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? (c) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Unipolar,Bipolar,Multipolar. What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential.